Evaluate the dog's body language. Look for signs of fear or aggression before approaching.

Maintain a relaxed demeanor. Sudden movements can startle a fearful or aggressive dog.

Don't stare at the dog. It can be seen as a threat. Instead, avert your gaze slightly.

Respect the dog's personal space. Allow them to come to you if they feel comfortable.

Use a gentle, soothing tone. Loud voices can escalate fear or aggression.

If the dog seems receptive, offer treats as a way to build trust and positive associations.

For severe cases, seek help from a professional dog trainer or behaviorist.

Prioritize safety for yourself and others. Avoid risky situations with aggressive dogs.